Key Concepts & Formulas

10 Practice MCQs

Q1. Who appoints the judges of the Supreme Court of India? A. Prime Minister
B. Parliament
C. President on the advice of the Collegium
D. Chief Justice of India alone
Answer: C
Solution: Article 124 – President appoints SC judges after consulting the Collegium (CJI + 4 seniormost judges).
Shortcut: “Collegium recommends, President signs.”
Tag: Appointment process

Q2. At what age does a Supreme Court judge retire? A. 60 yrs
B. 62 yrs
C. 65 yrs
D. 70 yrs
Answer: C
Solution: Constitution (Art 124) fixes 65 yrs; HC judges retire at 62 yrs.
Shortcut: SC = 65, HC = 62 (reverse digits).
Tag: Retirement age

Q3. Which writ literally means “to produce the body”? A. Mandamus
B. Habeas Corpus
C. Certiorari
D. Prohibition
Answer: B
Solution: Habeas Corpus forces authority to produce detained person before court.
Shortcut: “Habeas” = “Have body”.
Tag: Writs

Q4. The first woman judge of the Supreme Court was A. M. Fathima Beevi
B. Sujata Manohar
C. R. Banumathi
D. Indira Banerjee
Answer: A
Solution: Justice M. Fathima Beevi – 6 Jan 1989.
Shortcut: “Beevi = First”.
Tag: First in judiciary

Q5. How many judges are currently in the Supreme Court including the CJI? A. 31
B. 32
C. 33
D. 34
Answer: D
Solution: Strength raised to 34 (CJI + 33) by SC (Number of Judges) Amendment Act 2019.
Shortcut: 2019 → 34 (remember 9 & 4).
Tag: Current strength

Q6. Which High Court has jurisdiction over the largest number of states? A. Bombay
B. Guwahati
C. Madras
D. Allahabad
Answer: B
Solution: Guwahati HC covers 4 states (Assam, Nagaland, Mizoram, Arunachal).
Shortcut: “Guwahati = Group of 4 North-East”.
Tag: HC jurisdiction

Q7. Removal of a Supreme Court judge is initiated by A. President
B. Parliament
C. Collegium
D. Law Minister
Answer: B
Solution: Lok Sabha 100 + Rajya Sabha 50 MPs sign notice; 2/3 present & voting.
Shortcut: “100-50-2/3”.
Tag: Removal process

Q8. Which article empowers the High Court to issue writs? A. 32
B. 226
C. 136
D. 143
Answer: B
Solution: Art 226 – HC writ power; Art 32 – SC writ power.
Shortcut: 226 = “Double 2” = High (HC).
Tag: Constitutional articles

Q9. The concept of Public Interest Litigation (PIL) originated in which landmark case? A. Keshavananda Bharati
B. Maneka Gandhi
C. Hussainara Khatoon
D. S.R. Bommai
Answer: C
Solution: 1979 – Bihar undertrials; PIL for speedy trial.
Shortcut: “Hussainara = Human rights”.
Tag: Landmark cases

Q10. Which of the following pairs is wrongly matched? A. Mandamus – Command to perform duty
B. Prohibition – Stop lower court from exceeding jurisdiction
C. Quo-warranto – Declare office illegal
D. Certiorari – Transfer case from higher to lower court
Answer: D
Solution: Certiorari quashes order of lower court; it does not transfer down.
Shortcut: Certi = Cancel (lower court order).
Tag: Writ meaning

5 Previous Year Questions

[RRB NTPC 2021] Who is the present Chief Justice of India (as per latest exam cycle)? A. D.Y. Chandrachud
B. U.U. Lalit
C. N.V. Ramana
D. S.A. Bobde
Answer: A
Solution: Justice D.Y. Chandrachud took oath on 9 Nov 2022.
Shortcut: “DYC = 2022”.
Tag: Current CJI

[RRB Group-D 2019] The highest judicial authority in India is A. Parliament
B. President
C. Supreme Court
D. Attorney General
Answer: C
Solution: Art 124 – SC is apex court.
Tag: Hierarchy

[RRB NTPC 2016] The retirement age of a High Court judge is A. 60 yrs
B. 62 yrs
C. 65 yrs
D. 70 yrs
Answer: B
Solution: Constitution Art 217 – 62 yrs.
Tag: Retirement age

[RRB ALP 2018] Which writ can be issued against both judicial and administrative authorities? A. Prohibition
B. Mandamus
C. Certiorari
D. Both B & C
Answer: D
Solution: Mandamus & Certiorari apply to both; Prohibition only to judicial/quasi-judicial.
Tag: Writ scope

[RRB NTPC 2022] The Collegium system is headed by A. President
B. Prime Minister
C. Chief Justice of India
D. Law Minister
Answer: C
Solution: CJI is head of Collegium.
Tag: Collegium

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